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Monument type
Outbuildings of a Villa Rustica
formerly in the wheat field, today in a vineyard



Survey data

Area investigated: 195 m x 56 m
Resolution: approx. 1 MP/4m2 (a = 1 m) : 10.920 m2
Array configuration: Square
array
Measuring instruments: Lippmann 4point light MC
Imaging software: SURFER (Golden Software)
Survey period: 05.2013


Comments
The aerial photo (1992) by Rolf Gensheimer shows a small outbuilding of a villa rustica in a ripe wheat field.
Today (2013) the ground monument lies in a vineyard.

The aim of the prospection was to clarify whether the building structure after the planting of the vineyard and the associated deep plowing is still sufficiently preserved in order to record it with earth resistance area surveys and to check whether there are other anomalies in the vineyard plot in addition to the known structure .


Choice of grid spacing
If you place the rectified areal as an image oerlay over the vineyard that is now visible in Google Earth, the structure measures approx. 7.50 m x 5.70 m.


The vineyard is 56 m wide and consists of 14 lanes, four meters wide and 192 m long. To be able to identify the object being looked for and to ensure a quick measurement, a grid spacing of 2 m x 2 m was chosen. With two square arrays (a = 1 m, red squares) running next to each other, an area of ​​8 m2 per vine spacing was recorded with two measurements. The distance between the vines is a little more than 2 m. This makes 88 vine spacings producing a number of 2 x 88 = 176 measuring points per lane.  A total of 14 x 176 = 2464 measurements were carried out.


Preparatory measures are:
- the calculation and determination of the grid area with Google Earth (area width, area length, track width, number of measuring tracks)
- Recording the number of vines per lane on site, to determine the number of measuring points per lane.




Measuring time
The measuring device "4 point light mc" from Lippmann is able to carry out one measurement in about 1.1 seconds. Two sqare arrays are used in parallel. While one array is measuring, the other is lifted and moved to the next point. This significantly reduces the conversion time compared to the classic measurement method, which only uses a single square array. With the grid spacing of 1Mp/4m2 selected here, a measurement time of less than 1 hour can be achieved for an area of ​​1 hectare.





Reliable structure recognition
With the selected grid spacing, not only was the structure sought clearly and reliably recorded, other building structures that had not been recognizable on the aerial photograph, became visible in the immediate vicinity . Due to the 2m x 2m grid used, the structure sought initially appears to be larger (approximately 6 m x 10 m) than in the subsequent final measurement directly above the object applying a 0.5 m grid spacing. (Twin configuration a = 0.5 m) The dimensions of the final measurement agree very well with those of the aerial photograph.